Investigation on favorable pressure gradient in an atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel using large‐eddy simulation and its impact on wind field and surface pressure measurement

A constant cross-section wind tunnel usually experiences a negative pressure gradient (ie, favorable gradient, FPG), resulting in certain degree of discrepancy between the simulated and idealized atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) flows. To investigate its impact, three large-eddy simulation (LES) cases were conducted this study: one simply reproduced tunnel, removed FPG by adjusting ceiling height, reduced canceling unnecessary layers associated with sidewalls ceiling. The required height second case was estimated based on first case. found mainly generated contraction effect induced over walls because it can be largely third In addition, we investigated mean standard deviation surrounding field surface coefficient an isolated square-section building model. Because macroscale ABL is negligible compared adverse microscale near-wall building, influence experiment relatively large safe blockage ratio.